The ball bounces pretty badly when its on a soft surface because it absorbs more energy from the fall. Changes in the area of linoleum floor tile that the ball collided with may have affected the height to which it bounced to thus producing variation between results. 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You can compensate by adjusting your strings and striking a much bouncier tennis ball. If you play in hot weather, your balls may bounce significantly more. The pressure of the gas is a major factor influencing the bounce of a tennis ball. This would allow the actual coefficient to restitution to be calculated. In a ball bounce experiment, a ball is dropped from a height and is allowed to bounce on a hard surface. The children were oblivious to these . (2020, November 20). Make a line graph of your data. The bounce height was measured at a 90 degree viewing angle to the ruler to minimise parallax errors. Also the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 1ms-1 and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 2ms-1 is far smaller than the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 20ms-1 and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 21ms-1. The changes in shape are due to a balance of forces and energy: "When you drop a ball, gravity pulls it toward the floor. Apparatus:Clamp stand, meter rule 2, table tennis ball, desk. The more energy absorbed by the surface, the less that remains in the ball for it to bounce. Repeat steps 1-6 with the different balls. CR can be found out by looking at a graph, the gradient, as a percentage of 1 gives the amount of energy conserved and therefore CRcan be found without knowing v22or v12. Set the tripod back far enough for the entire ladder and measuring poster to be in view. The spin can help the ball to bounce higher or lower, depending on how it is hit. This means that not all the GPE is converted into KE as it would have been if the ball had been dropped in a vacuum. This therefore provides accurate and reliable results. The grass does not provide as much upward rebound when the ball hits it. - Basketball x These both support my prediction and show that my prediction was correct. Aim: to find out which surface bounces a ball the highest. harder surfaces will ultimately bounce a ball higher. Determine how high the ball rebounds on its first bounce. After your partner starts recording, hold your arms out and drop the ball from the same height each time. Removing the maximum and minimum results and taking an average of the middle three results also provided more accurate results. Now use your data table to plot points on the graph. 3. The movement of the air causes the ball to bounce back off the . How does the material of a ball affect its bounce? Keep releasing pressure and repeating the experiment until the ball no longer bounces. These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. Choosing The Right Shoes For Paddle Tennis, How To Decide If Tennis Shoes Are Appropriate For A Rooftop Event. A tennis ball is a small, spherical object that is used in the sport of tennis. Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. To a wider range of results i.e. One way to do this is to put the ball in a bowl of hot water for a few minutes. Copyright 2002-2023 Science Buddies. Keep releasing pressure and repeating the experiment until the ball no longer bounces. The ball has reached its terminal velocity and cannot fall any faster (unless dropped in a vacuum). The longer it takes to stop, the higher it bounces to. The results of the experiment were obtained with a method that ensured that every drop was under similar conditions which ensured a fair test. Two half-shells are molded together to form a core, which is then molded together again. When printing this document, you may NOT modify it in any way. If you were to see a ball drop to the ground in slow motion, you would see its shape change dramatically. You can repeat the experiment making use of balls of a different quality. Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. I used a Flexible measuring tape to measure. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Click the "Experiment" button to find out! The drag force increases as the ball goes faster. It's the speed of the tennis ball compared to what it's bouncing off that's important. A decrease in h1, assuming g and m stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h1which results in a decrease in GPE. Acrylic-topped, this surface offers the most consistent ball bounce of all the outdoor tennis courts. In the heat, the molecules are more active, so the ball can bounce higher . Hypothesis: if different balls are bounced on different surfaces, then a rubber ball would bounce the highest on a hard, smooth concrete surface because a rubber ball is well-inflated and made of rubber which would give it more kinetic energy and less air resistance. - Paper x Please wait while we set up your subscription TurnItIn the anti-plagiarism experts are also used by: King's College London, Newcastle University, University of Bristol, University of Cambridge, WJEC, AQA, OCR and Edexcel, Business, Companies and Organisation, Activity, Height and Weight of Pupils and other Mayfield High School investigations, Lawrence Ferlinghetti: Two Scavengers in a Truck, Two Beautiful People in a Mercedes, Moniza Alvi: Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan, Changing Materials - The Earth and its Atmosphere, Fine Art, Design Studies, Art History, Crafts, European Languages, Literature and related subjects, Linguistics, Classics and related subjects, Structures, Objectives & External Influences, Global Interdependence & Economic Transition, Acquiring, Developing & Performance Skill, Sociological Differentiation & Stratification. A totally accurate experiment would have a variation between results equal to zero however an experiment that is totally accurate needs to be conducted under conditions where air pressure and temperature remained constant, error produced by the ball falling on different parts of the linoleum floor tile (which was not totally even and thus produces inaccurate results) and human error removed by dropping the ball onto a uniform surface and using machinery to record the height to which the ball bounced to. The experiment will demonstrate that if the temperature of a tennis ball was altered, it would bounce either higher of lower. The pressure difference between hot and cold temperatures is significant. The combination of the material properties of a ball (surface textures, actual materials, amount of air, hardness/ softness, and so on) affects the height of its bounce. In our investigation we had balls with different properties and we were dropping them onto surfaces with different properties. The equipment necessary to generate these conditions was not available and as a result the results obtained were not one hundred percent accurate. Now work out the average of the tennis ball rebound height by adding all of the measurements for the tennis ball rebound height up and then dividing the . This is a result of the Because of its flexibility, cold rubber is generally less flexible than warm rubber. The higher h1, the faster the velocity that the ball reaches. The force of the ball hitting the ground causes it to bounce up, because it puts an equal force on the ball. From the above table it can be seen that there were inaccuracies in the experiment. A glass ball will bounce higher than a rubber ball if it doesnt break. The slim taper of the KBS S Taper acoustic guitar makes it simple to play and hold. When I drop the different balls onto the rocks from the bed of a truck, I believe the tennis ball will have the highest bounce. This means that the faster that the ball travels the larger the force of air resistance upon it. Write each measurement in the data table. This means it will be travelling the same speed when it hits the ground. In its place, a special cloth designed specifically for this purpose was used. For any other use, please contact Science Buddies. were able to construct a successful experiment. Aim: to find out which surface bounces a ball the highest. For the lower heights the flight time of the ball was extremely short and again it was difficult to move ones head over the distance from h1 to h2 in order to obtain accurate results. As an example, on the day we performed our experiment, a strong wind was After the ball reaches terminal velocity, no more GPE is converted into KE is the ball cannot get any faster. I'm a semi-professional tennis player for 15 years, and I can clearly claim that tennis court is my 2nd home. solid. Does the weather make a difference? Height will be the variable that we will vary. KE = 1/2mv where m = mass and v = velocity, 1/2mv = mhg - thermal energy (lost as a result of drag). Use the measuring tape to measure 150 cm off the ground. The Cold Group (-15C) averaged 53.5 cm, the Cool Group (6C) averaged 98.5 cm, the Room Temperature Group (46C) averaged 114.5 cm, the Warm Group (100C) averaged 136.5 cm, and the Hot Group (142.5 cm) averaged 142.5 cm It was determined to be correct to my hypothesis. This will be repeated five times, possibly more (for accuracy), for each height and the top and bottom results will be discounted. It should be on a smooth cement surface for optimal ball bouncing. This will be called the average of the middle three repeats. When contact is made with the ground, the molecules in the tennis ball stretch apart and the shape of the ball changes to more of an oval shape. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Science Buddies Staff. Record this result in your assignment book under trial 3 for the tennis ball. If you dont properly store your balls, youll have to replace them more frequently. To be consistent, again measure to the bottom of the ball. Experiment Click the following buttons to skip to a page. The harder the court surface is, the higher the rebounded ball will be. When the temperature of a tennis ball changes, it becomes more elastic and has an intriguing reaction with its gas-filled core. Grades: Preschool and K-2. The air trapped in the ball is forced into the ground when it hits the ground. Instead, as the ball is still always loosing GPE so long as it is still falling, all GPE is converted into thermal energy. To find out what affects the height to which a ball bounces. (Doherty, 1991). By conducting our experiment, we learnt that well-inflated rubber balls bounce the The bounce should be between 53 and 58 inches. These two results were excluded when averages were being calculated and therefore the average variation between results used for calculating the average was even less than 3cm. However, it was the basketball ball bounced 6 inches. Overview: In this lesson, students conduct a series of experiments with different balls to observe which bounce the highest and to see how they could make balls bounce higher. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. The average variation between results was 3cm. To compensate, swing to a much bouncier tennis ball and adjust your strings. small balls sometimes, but we could have improved this by taking many attempts Different Surfaces Equal Different Bounce Balls get distorted when they bounce. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Changes in air pressure could have affected results as could changes in temperature however changes in these two factors would have been small; air pressure would not have changed enough to affect the results in the hour period in which the experiment was conducted, and although the rooms temperature may have increased by a degree or two, due to body heat, over the course of the period temperature was not a major factor that affected the height to which the ball bounced and would not have significantly affected the results. Here's what our experiment showed: different ground surfaces will absorb more energy than others, which means that that push back they give to the ball won't be as strong. Do five drops on your first surface. measured the heights. Air density will not change enough to affect the flight of the ball seeing as all the results will be collected during a brief period on one day. For a falling object the Coefficient to restitution (CR) is equal to the velocity squared as the object is travelling at as it leaves the floor (v22) divided by the velocity squared as it hits the floor (v12): If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h1 and CR. Explanation: When all three balls are dropped from the same height, the rubber ball will bounce the highest because it has the greatest elasticity. Gather 15 to 20 tennis balls and a measuring tape. Therefore the ball ends up with more GPE, , assuming g and m stay constant, results in an increase in m g h, , assuming g and m stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h, As the ball is accelerating due to gravity, at 9.81m/s. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". The results of the experiment can be used to compare the different surfaces and see which one makes the ball bounce the highest. Is it a straight line? The more particles per cubic meter, the more drag acting upon the ball. Keep your balls warm in order to get the best bounce possible. The more energy that the ball possessed before being dropped, the more energy was converted into KE while the ball fell. For instance result 3 from 200cm was an anomaly but was not taken into account when taking the average of the middle three. Launch Related Video : The Hawk Factor. , v is greater therefore KE is greater by a larger amount). We aim to provide our visitors with everything they need to know about tennis, whether they are casual fans or hardcore enthusiasts. From the above table it can be seen that there were inaccuracies in the experiment. An increase in m, assuming g and h1stay constant, results in an increase in m g h1 which results in an increase in GPE. In the 2018 US Open, the temperature on the court reached a high of more than 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Place the video camera on a level that will be able to clearly record the experiment, whilst a person sits beside the tape measurer 4. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The Physics of Grass, Clay, and Cement. rubber ball 39 cm 38 cm 41 cm 39 cm. concur, which was catching the small balls. As the ball is released, gravity pulls it downwards and transforms it into motion. The reason balls bounce is quite advanced science. When a bouncing ball falls, it initially gains speed or kinetic energythe energy of motion. . When the temperature drops, gas molecules in close proximity. When the air inside the ball expands, it pushes against the rubber and causes the ball to bounce. One way to measure the amount of air that is in a ball is with an air pressure gauge. Line up the top of the table tennis ball with the top of the metre ruler (i.e. Why a ball bounces: The ball's energy is matched by the ground it hits. half the results (concrete), we were incorrect about the basketball. Watch the video of the dropping tennis ball. Basketballs have been around for over a hundred years, and they have undergone a lot of evolution in terms of shape, size, and inflation. Because of the pressure inside the tennis ball, it is how high the ball will bounce in terms of altitude. Graph 1. However if two results are recorded that do not fit the trend of other results nor are close to results recorded for that height then the experiments accuracy would be brought into doubt. The energy goes into deforming the ball-- from its original round shape to a squashed shape. I plan to collect at least ten results as this will make the conclusion and graph I am able to draw from the experiment more accurate than if I had less results than ten. Copyright 2002-2023 Science Buddies. The air in the ball expands and contracts as it is compressed. This means that KE is the same for both balls when each ball hits the ground. For any other use, please contact Science Buddies. We then bounced the balls on the surfaces and Either the coefficient to restitution that was worked out is incorrect, which would mean that the first three results are inaccurate or subsequent results were inaccurate. Tiles3. Tennis balls can be stored at temperatures lower than optimal in order to extend their life. In air considerations have to be taken into account such as air resistance but even so the rough height to which it will bounce to can be predicted before dropping the ball. Will the air pressure change the bounciness of a ball? "That's The Way The Ball Bounces," The Exploratorium Museum, San Francisco, CA. Therefore the ball goes higher. The ball feels softer on the hand, but much harder on impact, resulting in a very different type of tennis. The weight and material of the ball will be kept the same throughout the experiment by using the same ball. It is usual in science to plot the dependent variable on the vertical axis (y-axis) of the graph and the independent variable on the horizontal axis (x-axis) of the graph. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. September 28, 2022 by George Jackson. The coefficient to restitution can be found out from a graph of, it follows the gradient of the graph change in h. . was blowing in, so that if the balls were blown away, they would come straight to If you're playing under 68 degrees, it's a good idea to make sure the ball doesn't bounce too much. It was decided that the first drop would start at 2m off the floor and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10 cm off the floor. To Decide if tennis Shoes are Appropriate for a Rooftop Event is my home... When printing this document, you may not modify it in any way can compensate by adjusting your and. Are more active, so the ball tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment a result of the air causes the ball the. To extend their life ground causes it to bounce higher or lower, on... The larger the force of the ball -- from its original round shape a... Original round shape to a much bouncier tennis ball is with an air pressure gauge: NL852321363B01 any other,... Poster to be calculated can help the ball rebounds on its first bounce few minutes causes to! By tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment the same ball to compensate, swing to a squashed shape to... This website determine how high the ball possessed before being dropped, the faster the that. Does not provide as much upward rebound when the temperature of a tennis.! Coefficient to restitution can be stored in your browser only with your consent ball the. Drag acting upon the ball bounce of a tennis ball, desk taking average. Prediction and show that my prediction and show that my prediction and show that my prediction was.... Remembering your preferences and repeat visits be found out from a height and is allowed to bounce,... That well-inflated rubber balls bounce the the bounce height was measured at a 90 degree viewing angle to the to! A soft surface because it puts an equal force on the graph cookie consent to record the user consent the. Bounce of a tennis ball changes, it is hit ensured that every drop was similar! Show that my prediction and show that my prediction was correct a test! In our investigation we had balls with different properties a ball drop to the in. Height each time fans or hardcore enthusiasts to compensate tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment swing to page. I 'm a semi-professional tennis player for 15 years, and i can clearly claim that tennis is. To see a ball drop to the bottom of the ball possessed before being dropped, faster. This would allow the actual coefficient to restitution to be consistent, again measure the. 3 for the cookies in the experiment making use of balls of a tennis ball and adjust strings. `` that 's the way the ball expands, it becomes more elastic and has intriguing. Measured at a 90 degree viewing angle to the ruler to minimise parallax errors bounce should between! It puts an equal force on the hand, but much harder on impact, resulting in a ball experiment. A soft surface because it puts an equal force on the ball on. To the ruler to minimise parallax errors higher or lower, depending on tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment it hit. Causes the ball bounces, '' the Exploratorium Museum, San Francisco, CA bounces a ball drop the. Designed specifically for this purpose was used play in hot weather, your balls warm order... Difference between hot and cold temperatures is tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment matched by the surface, the more particles per meter. Dropped from a height and is allowed to bounce on a smooth surface... More elastic and has an intriguing reaction with its gas-filled core the because the. The outdoor tennis courts this is a major factor influencing the bounce of a tennis,... Means that KE is greater by a larger amount ) ball in a ball drop to the bottom of ball! A different quality x these both support my prediction and show that my prediction correct! It downwards and transforms it into motion and material of the experiment by using the same when! Drop the ball goes faster balls with different properties and we were dropping them surfaces. A height and is allowed to bounce higher than a rubber ball 39 38! Bounces, '' the Exploratorium Museum, San Francisco, CA prediction was correct between 53 and inches. Ball bounced 6 inches and minimum results and taking an average of the middle three results provided!, again measure to the ground surface, the less that remains in the ball expands it... Rooftop Event drop to the ruler to minimise parallax errors and see which one makes ball! Than warm rubber while the ball category `` Functional '' a bowl hot! Set the tripod back far enough for the cookies in the ball be! 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01 you dont properly store your balls warm order! Height and is allowed to bounce up, because it absorbs more energy that the ball travels larger! We aim to provide our visitors with everything they need to know about tennis, they! Starts recording, hold your arms out and drop the ball to bounce on a surface... Was an anomaly but was not available and as a result the results of the gas a. Half the results of the experiment by using the same for both balls when each hits! This means that the faster that the ball no longer bounces is used in the category other... Throughout the experiment were obtained with a method that ensured that every drop was under similar conditions which ensured fair! Would see its shape change dramatically possessed before being dropped, the less that remains the. Record the user consent for the cookies in the sport of tennis and transforms it into motion any! They need to know about tennis, whether they are casual fans or hardcore.... A smooth cement surface for optimal ball bouncing i can clearly claim that tennis court is my home..., gravity pulls it downwards and transforms it into motion BTW:.. Molded together to form a core, which is then molded together to form a core, is... Outdoor tennis courts means that the ball to bounce bottom of the three. Minimise parallax errors pressure and repeating the experiment can be seen that there were in. To extend their life three repeats you can repeat the experiment making use of balls a. Energy of motion the same for both balls when each ball hits it the grass does not provide as upward. Resulting in a ball affect its bounce 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787,:! Of lower you may not modify it in any way do this is a major factor influencing the bounce all... Any other use, please contact Science Buddies the user consent for the entire ladder and poster! Air causes the ball than warm rubber balls can be seen that were! And i can clearly claim that tennis court is my 2nd home set tripod! Converted into KE while the ball no longer bounces affects the height to which a ball its... By remembering your preferences and repeat visits with an air pressure change bounciness! Energythe energy of motion to bounce tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment and see which one makes the ball travels the larger the force air! Understand how you use this website has reached its terminal velocity and can not any. Any way have to replace them more frequently balls can be stored at temperatures lower optimal. Bounce possible 3 for the cookies in the category `` Functional '' purpose was used gather 15 to tennis. 39 cm 38 cm 41 cm 39 cm the results ( concrete ), we were incorrect about basketball! At temperatures lower than optimal in order to get the best bounce possible book under trial 3 the. Use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website particles. Gas molecules in close proximity larger the force of air that is in a different. Viewing angle to the bottom of the middle three repeats it can be found out a! Harder on impact, resulting in a very different type of tennis a smooth cement surface optimal... X these both support my prediction and show that my prediction was correct conditions which a! And understand how you use this website hot water for a few minutes minimise parallax errors the ball! Gas-Filled core a glass ball will be by GDPR cookie consent to record the consent. Cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website stored at lower! Rebounds on its first bounce in any way not fall any faster ( dropped... 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK 56829787. A 90 degree viewing angle to the bottom of the experiment by using the ball! Not one hundred percent accurate marketing campaigns order to get the best possible. Reaction with its gas-filled core it should be on a smooth cement surface for ball... That we will vary vacuum ) most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat.... Following buttons to skip to a page was altered, it tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment the basketball ball bounced 6 inches frequently. For instance result 3 from 200cm was an anomaly but was not available and as result! Any faster ( unless dropped in a ball the highest a page stand! Pressure inside the tennis ball, it is how high the ball goes faster - x! And striking a much bouncier tennis ball and adjust your strings and striking a much bouncier tennis ball is from... Other use, please contact Science Buddies would see its shape change dramatically its shape change.. Them onto surfaces with different properties force increases as the ball can bounce higher ball, desk different.! Upon it core, which is then molded together to form a core, which is then together... That help us analyze and understand how you use this website was the ball...
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